MYSQL

change password of root:

mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql> set password=password("neues passwort");

or

mysqladmin -u root -paltespw password neuespw1

set phpmyadmin sessiontime bigger:

vi etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php
$cfg['LoginCookieValidity']     = 3600*9;

mysqldump for backup

mysqldump --opt -u$USER -p$PASSWORD --all-databases > dbdata.sql

return backup

mysql -u$USER -p$PASSWORD < dbdata.sql
gunzip < dbdata.sql.gz |  mysql -u root -p